ME 1801: COMPRESSIBLE FLUID FLOW 

Syllabus

Module I 
Introduction to gas dynamics : System and Control Volume approach, Conservation of Mass, Momentum and Energy, Steady Flow Energy Equation, Entropy changes in fluid flow, Stagnation state, Sonic state, Mach number, Effect of Mach number on compressibility, Classification of fluid flow based on Mach number, Acoustic wave propagation speed, Mach cone, Properties of atmosphere. Isentropic flow with variable area: Isentropic flow of an ideal gas, Comparison of isentropic and adiabatic processes, Mach number variation with Area, Mass flow rate, Critical state, Geometric chocking, Area ratio as a function of Mach number, Impulse function, Isentropic flow through Convergent nozzle and Convergent Divergent nozzle, Isentropic flow through Diffusers. 

Module II 

Normal Shocks : Fundamental relations for normal shock, Prandtl Meyer relation for normal shock, Rankine-Hugoniot relation for normal shock, Change in entropy across a shock, Impossibility of shock in subsonic flow, Strength of a shock, Variation of flow properties across a normal shock. Oblique Shocks and Expansion waves : Fundamental relations, Prandtl’s relation and Rankine-Hugoniot relation for oblique shock, θ-β-M diagram, Reflected shocks, Variation of flow parameters, Expansion of supersonic flow, Supersonic flow around a convex corner, Prandtl Meyer angle, Mach Waves. 

Module III 
Fanno flow : Adiabatic flow in constant area duct with friction, Fanno line, Fanno relation for perfect gas, Friction chocking, Variation of Mach number with duct length, Variation of flow properties. Rayleigh flow : Frictionless flow in constant area duct with heat transfer, Raleigh line, Rayleigh equations for a perfect gas, Thermal chocking, Maximum heat transfer, Variation of flow properties. 

Module IV 
Methods of flow measurement : Methods of measurement of pressure, temperature, density and velocity, Pitot tube, Prandtl Pitot static tube, Supersonic Pitot tube, Shock tube, Rayleigh Supersonic Pitot formula, Temperature recovery factor, Hot wire anemometer, Working principle of Shadow graph, Velocimeter, Schlieren apparatus and Interferometer, Wind Tunnels – Subsonic and Supersonic Wind tunnels. 

Note: Gas Tables are permitted for examination 

References: 
1) Dynamics and thermodynamics of compressible fluid flow : Shapiro 
2) Fundamentals of Compressible Flows : V. Babu, Ane Publishers 
3) Compressible fluid flow : Patrick H. Oosthuizen, McGraw Hill 
4) Gas dynamics: Yahya, New Age International Publishers. 
5) Fundamentals of Compressible Fliuid Dynamics, Balachandran, PHI. 

Type of Questions for University Exam.

Q 1.Eight short answer questions of 5 marks with two questions from each of the four modules. (8x5 = 40 marks) 
Q 2. to Q.5 : Two questions A & B of 15 marks from each modules with option to answer either A or B. (4x15 = 60 marks)